Here we discussed the extensive property and intensive property in thermodynamics with the list of examples, but before the discussion about intensive and extensive properties, we have a little bit of knowledge about thermodynamics. Thermodynamics is derived from two words therm means “heat” and dynamics mean “motion”. Thermodynamics means heat in motion.
System + Surrounding = Universe
The universe is a combination of systems and surroundings. The part of the universe under investigation is called a system and anything expect system is called a surrounding.
Surrounding = Universe – System
In thermodynamics, the main observation is a system but the question is how a system is defined without surroundings? The system cannot be defined without surroundings. So we can say that there is a boundary between the system and its surroundings.
Difference between Diathermic and Adiabatic?
| Diathermic | Adiabatic |
|---|---|
| Diathermic is a boundary across which heat can flow easily. | Adiabatic is a boundary across which heat cannot flow. |
| Conducting material | Insulating material |
Difference Between Intensive property and Extensive Property?
Any system has two types of properties, extensive property and intensive property.
What is meant by Extensive Property?
- Extensive property depends on the amount of matter.
- It depends on the size of sample.
- Example of extensive property is mass, volume, number of moles, heat capacity (heat capacity is the amount of heat required to rise the temperature of a body by 1°C), Energy (work, heat, enthalpy, entropy, gibbs free energy, internal energy).
What is meant by Intensive Property?
- Intensive property does not depends on the amount of matter.
- It does not depend upon size of sample.
- Example of intensive property is temperature, pressure, density, refractive index, viscosity, specific heat capacity, concentration terms (molarity, molality, normality, mole fraction etc).
"If the ratio of two extensive property then the property is intensive"
Extensive / Extensive = Intensive
Is Molarity is Intensive or Extensive?
Molarity is the ratio of number of moles and volume.
Molarity = no. of moles / volume
Both the no. of moles and volume is an extensive property so molarity is an intensive property.
Molarity = no. of moles / volume = extensive / extensive = Intensive property
Is Molar Entropy is Intensive or Extensive?
Molar entropy is the entropy upon no. of moles.
Molar entropy = Entropy / moles
As we know that entropy and number of moles is the entensive property.
Molar entropy = Entropy / moles = Extensive / Extensive = Intensive propery
So, Molar entropy is the intensive property.
Is Molar Internal Energy is Intensive or Extensive?
Molar internal energy is the internal energy upon no. of moles.
Molar internal energy = Internal energy / moles
As we know that internal energy and number of moles is the entensive property.
Molar internal energy = Internal energy / moles = Extensive / Extensive = Intensive propery
So, Molar internal energy is the intensive property.
Is pH Intensive or Extensive?
pH = -log [H+]
pH is the negative log concentration of H+ and as we know that concentration is the intensive property so pH is the intensive property.
Which of the following is the Extensive Property?
a) Specific heat capacity
b) Gibbs free energy
c) Electromotive force
d) Dielectric constant
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